Newsletter Volume 2, Number 2, June 2004

Comparative Democratization
Section 35 of the American Political Science Association

Newsletter
Volume 2, Number 2, June 2004

Table of Contents

1. Current Section Officers
2. Report from the Chair
3. Editor’s Note
4. Section News
5. News From Members
6. News from the Profession
7. Recent Conferences
8. Future Conferences
9. New Research

1. CURRENT SECTION OFFICERS

Chair (2003-2005)
Cynthia McClintock
Professor of Political Science
George Washington University
e-mail: mcclin@gwu.edu

Vice-chair (2002-2004)
Nancy Bermeo
Professor of Politics
Princeton University
e-mail: bermeo@princeton.edu

Secretary (2002-2004)
Harry W. Blair
Senior Research Scholar
Department of Political Science
Yale University
e-mail: harry.blair@yale.edu 

Treasurer (2003-2005)
William Reisinger
Professor of Political Science
University of Iowa
e-mail: william-reisinger@uiowa.edu

Newsletter Editor (ex officio)
Thomas W. Skladony
Senior Program Officer
International Forum for Democratic Studies
National Endowment for Democracy
e-mail: tom@ned.org

2. REPORT FROM THE CHAIR

We hope to see you in Chicago! The array of panels is fabulous, and various special events have been organized, too. Please be sure to save Saturday evening for our business meeting, reception, and a plenary featuring Lloyd Axworthy, a Nobel Peace Prize nominee.

In Chicago, we are sponsoring 27 panels, including more than 140 participants. This year’s theme, “Illiberal Democracy/Liberal Autocracy,” resonated strongly among members; 9 panels focus on the quality of democracy or on hybrid regimes. Given global events, we expect special interest in the 3 panels on the topics of democracy, Islam, and the Middle East. Among the roughly 75 percent of papers analyzing specific countries or regions, 26 focus on Latin America, 18 on postcommunist nations, 14 on the Middle East, 13 on Africa, 11 on Asia, and 3 on Western Europe. We estimate that 8 of our participants are based in Europe, 3 in Latin America, 3 in Canada, 2 in Africa, and 1 each in the Middle East, Asia, and Australia. Our distinguished senior participants include Larry Diamond, Guillermo O’Donnell, Philippe Schmitter, and Bingham Powell. The complete panel listings are available online at www.apsanet.org.

We owe tremendous thanks to Program Chair John Harbeson for his expert selection and construction of these exciting panels. So that more papers could be included, John coordinated with other sections; four of our panels are cosponsored with Comparative Politics and one each with Human Rights, Postcommunist Systems, and Latin American Studies. John’s primary regret was that he could not include more of the very fine proposals that were submitted. Be sure to attend Section panels so that, next year, our panel quota is larger!

Our Section events will be held on Saturday evening. Our business meeting is scheduled for 6:00 p.m. and our reception for 7:00 p.m. At our business meeting, our Best Book, Best Article, and Best Field Work awards will be presented. We also expect to announce the initiation of the Juan Linz Prize for Best Dissertation. (Calling all dissertation directors: consider nominating your students for the Best Field Work and Best Dissertation awards! If you have a nominee for the Best Field Work award, please send a letter of nomination and two chapters of the completed dissertation to Nancy Bermeo before July 1. Nominations should be sent to Bermeo@princeton.edu.) We are grateful that the National Endowment for Democracy is generously funding our reception (as it did last year)-so, plan to catch up with friends and enjoy! Then proceed to our plenary, “Multilateralism in the Age of Empire,” with Lloyd Axworthy.

Lloyd Axworthy, a former foreign minister of Canada who served in that country’s parliament for more than twenty years, is director of the Center for International Studies at the University of British Columbia. He has been critically engaged in numerous multilateral conflict-resolution endeavors. In 2000, he was one of the key leaders of the Organization of American States’ High-Level Mission to Peru, charged with strengthening democracy in the country. He has also been the UN Secretary General’s Special Envoy to the UN Mission on Eritrea and Ethiopia. We are cosponsoring the plenary with three other sections: Human Rights, Foreign Policy, and International Security and Arms Control. George Andreopoulos, chair of Human Rights, took the lead in organizing the plenary, and he reports that Axworthy is an excellent speaker.

While we continue to work on this year’s meetings, we’ve also begun to plan for next year’s. We’re delighted that Professor Eva Bellin, a distinguished scholar of comparative politics and the Middle East at Hunter College, has agreed to serve as program chair for the 2005 meetings. I believe that the job of program chair is the biggest and most important of the Section, and am confident that it is in good hands.

Our Nominations Committee, including Nancy Bermeo (chair, Princeton University), Jonathan Hartlyn (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill), and Nicolas van de Walle (Cornell University), is busy identifying candidates for the Section positions of Vice Chair and Secretary. Unfortunately, in Chicago, Nancy Bermeo and Harry Blair must step down from these positions, and we will sorely miss their wise counsel, thoughtful support, and hard work. Stay tuned-the nominees and ballots will be in your mail soon.

Let me take this opportunity to remind you of several innovations and requests from our January newsletter. Our Web site is up and easily accessed through the APSA Sections link at www.apsanet.org. We hope that more members will submit course syllabi (both for democratization world-wide and for regional areas). Please forward them to Tom Skladony, our newsletter editor, at tom@ned.org.

Again, we hope to see you in Chicago. Meanwhile, as always, we welcome your thoughts and recommendations for our Section.

Cynthia McClintock

3. EDITOR’S NOTE

As Cynthia McClintock has already urged members to attend not only our panels but also the annual business meeting, reception, and our cosponsored plenary session with Lloyd Axworthy, there is little for me to add-except, perhaps, a word about Panel 45-9, “Bridging the Gap Between Research and Policy: A Roundtable on the Role of Democracy Research Institutes in New and Developing Democracies.”

This session, organized by the NED’s International Forum for Democratic Studies, will feature scholars from Colombia, Ghana, Korea, and Romania discussing how think tanks in those and other countries produce research focused on practical questions of governance and democratic reform. The sesssion convenes Friday, September 3, at 4:15 p.m. The four foreign scholars will also attend our section’s reception on Saturday night, and they look forward to meeting many of you there. It has been a busy Spring for Section members, as you will see in News from Members, below. As always, we invite you to submit news items about publications, promotions, grants, activities, and professional comings-and-goings-keeping in mind our policy not to repeat items mentioned in previous issues and to announce forthcoming books as close to their dates of publication as possible.

The next full issue of the newsletter will be in October. We will, however, distribute a brief letter in August, shortly before the APSA meeting, reminding members of our Section’s planned activities in Chicago and circulating any late-breaking Section news. Finally, your editor was not as aggressive as he should have been in recruiting someone to write a regional bibliographic overview for this issue, as John Harbeson did so effectively about Africa for our January issue. Other APSA sections have essays and book notes in their newsletters, and I believe that such features would add much value to our newsletter. I again encourage members to suggest topics and to volunteer to write for the October issue and beyond. On that point, there is no reason why we could not include a bibliographic essay with our August letter to members, if someone is able to write one over the summer.

Sofia Yazykova and Steven Bulthuis, interns at the International Forum, checked facts and proofread this issue of the newsletter; their careful work is gratefully acknowledged.

Tom Skladony

4. SECTION NEWS

The most important section news for this issue of the newsletter is the upcoming annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, which will take place September 2-5 in Chicago. For comprehensive information about the meeting, visit http://www.apsanet.org/mtgs/. For the complete online program, visit http://www.apsanet.org/mtgs/program/divisions.cfm. Scroll down to Section 45 for a listing of panels sponsored by the Comparative Democratization section.

Awards Committees for 2004 Annual Meeting: Our section currently has four committees accepting nominations for the awards that will be presented at the 2004 annual meeting in Chicago, including a new award for best field work.

Criteria for the best field work award include the originality and importance of the research (especially the research sources) and the difficulty of the research. Scholars who are currently writing their dissertations or who have completed their dissertations within the past twelve months are eligible. Candidates must submit three chapters of their dissertation and a letter of nomination describing their field work from the chair of their dissertation committee. One or two of the chapters should describe the field work and one or two key insights from the field work. The chapters may be sent electronically or in triplicate hard copy.

Although the original deadline for nominations for this award was June 1, 2004, it is still possible to submit entries to Nancy Bermeo (bermeo@princeton.edu), Michael Foley (foley@cua.edu), and Michael Hanchard (mgh223@northwestern.edu) if you write by July 1.

As previously announced, the best book and best article awards will recognize works that were published in calendar year 2003. To be eligible for the best paper award, the paper must have been presented at a panel organized by the Comparative Democratization section at the 2003 APSA annual meeting.

The best book award committee consists of Richard Vengroff, University of Connecticut (richard.vengroff@uconn.edu), chair; Sharon Wolchik, George Washington University (wolchik@gwu.edu); and Shaheen Mozaffar, Bridgewater State College (smozaffar@bridgew.edu).

The best article award committee consists of Valerie Bunce, Cornell University, (vjb2@cornell.edu), chair; Joseph Klesner, Kenyon College, (klesner@kenyon.edu); and Gretchen Casper, Pennsylvania State University (ggc3@psu.edu).

To submit a nomination for the best paper award, please write to Michael McFaul, Stanford University (mcfaul@hoover.stanford.edu), program chair for the 2003 annual meeting.

Papers from the 2003 Annual Meeting: Papers presented at the 2003 APSA annual meeting are available at http://archive.allacademic.com/publication/search.php.

5. NEWS FROM MEMBERS

Michael Bernhard, associate professor of political science, Pennsylvania State University; Christopher Reenock, Florida State University; and Timothy Nordstrom, University of Mississippi, published “The Legacy of Western Overseas Colonialism on Democratic Survival” in the March 2004 International Studies Quarterly. The three scholars had earlier published “Economic Performance and Survival in New Democracies: Is There a Honeymoon Effect?” in the May 2003 Comparative Political Studies.

Harry W. Blair, senior research scholar, Yale University (and CompDem section secretary), published “Assessing Civil Society Impact for Democracy Programmes: Using an Advocacy Scale in Indonesia and the Philippines” in the February 2004 Democratization. The article developed a tool for measuring the impact of democracy assistance programs and tested it in the context of such programs in two Asian countries.

Rebecca Bill Chavez, assistant professor of political science, United States Naval Academy, recently published The Rule of Law in Nascent Democracies: Judicial Politics in Argentina (Stanford University Press, 2004), a study of how new democracies establish and institutionalize the rule of law. In it the author formulates a theory of the conditions under which judges can decide on important cases free of political interference.

Javier Corrales, assistant professor of political science, Amherst College, was promoted to associate professor with tenure, effective July 1. His latest article, “The Gatekeeper State: Limited Economic Reforms and Regime Survival in Cuba, 1989-2002,” appears in the June 2004 Latin American Research Review.

Thomas S. De Luca, Jr., professor of political science, Fordham University, received an APSA Small Research Grant for his project, “Three Cases in Chinese Constitutional Development.” Mr. De Luca is also planning an October 2004 conference in Beijing on constitutional and democratic development in China with support from a Fulbright Alumni Initiatives award grant, the U.S. China Business Council, Fordham University, and China University of Political Science and Law in Beijing.

John P. Entelis, professor of political science and director of the Middle East Studies program, Fordham University, traveled to Tunisia from March 4-11, 2004 as an invited speaker at the law faculty of the University of Tunis, where he presented three lectures on the theme of “Democratization Theory and Practice with Examples from the Arab World.” Mr. Entelis also discussed “U.S.-North African Relations in the post-September 11 Era” at the Center for North African Studies in Tunis (CEMAT) and was the guest of honor at a dinner-debate at the residence of William Hudson, U.S. ambassador to Tunis, where the discussion topics included Palestine and Iraq.

Jonathan Fox, professor of Latin American and Latino Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz; Dana Clark, International Accountability Project; and Kay Treakle, Charles Stewart Mott Foundation, edited Demanding Accountability: Civil Society Claims and the World Bank Inspection Panel (Rowman and Littlefield, 2003), a collection of nine original case studies on how local, national, and international civil society mobilizes to hold the World Bank accountable for its financed projects. With Gaspar Rivera-Salgado, Mr. Fox also edited Indigenous Mexican Migrants in the United States (Center for U.S.-Mexican Relations, June 2004), a study of the social, cultural, and civil impacts of migration.

James L. Gibson, Sidney W. Souers Professor of Government, Washington University in St. Louis; and Amanda Gouws received the Alexander L. George Book Award of the International Society of Political Psychology for Overcoming Intolerance in South Africa: Experiments in Democratic Persuasion (Cambridge University Press, 2003). The award recognizes the best book published in political psychology in 2003. Mr. Gibson’s latest article, “Does Truth Lead to Reconciliation? Testing the Causal Assumptions of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Process,” appeared in the April 2004 American Journal of Political Science.

Kenneth F. Greene, assistant professor of government and Frank C. Erwin Jr. Centennial Fellow, University of Texas at Austin, will be a visiting fellow at the Center for Democracy and the Third Sector at Georgetown University for the 2004-2005 academic year. Mr. Greene will use the fellowship to complete a book manuscript entitled Defeating Dominance: Opposition Party Building and Democratization in Mexico.

Staffan I. Lindberg, Ph.D. candidate, department of political science, Lund University (Sweden), recently published three articles: “Democratization and Women’s Empowerment: The Effects of Electoral Systems, Participation, and Repetition in Africa” (Studies in Comparative International Development, May 2004), “The Democratic Qualities of Multiparty Elections: Participation, Competition, and Legitimacy in Africa,” (Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, April 2004), and “It’s Our Time to ‘Chop:’ Do Elections in Africa Feed Neopatrimonialism Rather than Counter-Act It?” (Democratization, Summer 2003). Mr. Lindberg also received the Graduate Student Paper Prize of the African Studies Association at its 2003 meeting for “The ‘Democraticness’ of Multiparty Elections: Participation, Competition, and Legitimacy in Africa,” a paper he presented at the 2002 ASA annual meeting.

Jennifer L. McCoy, associate professor of political science, Georgia State University has been leading the Carter Center’s Venezuela Political Monitoring and Mediation Project since the short-lived coup of April 2002. Her edited volume (with David Myers of Pennsylvania State University), The Unraveling of Representative Democracy in Venezuela, is forthcoming from Johns Hopkins University Press.

Gerardo Munck, associate professor of international relations, University of Southern California, and Guillermo O’Donnell, Helen Kellogg Professor of Political Science and International Studies, University of Notre Dame, contributed research to Democracy in Latin America, a major new report from the United Nations Development Programme. The Spanish-language text is available at www.democracia.undp.org; an English-language version will be available shortly.

Sharon Werning Rivera, assistant professor of government, Hamilton College, contributed “Elites and the Diffusion of Foreign Models in Russia” to the March 2004 Political Studies. The article examined the cognitive processes of Russian political elites as they weigh the merits of various foreign-inspired political and economic models.

Sebastian Royo, associate professor of government, Suffolk University, was promoted to associate professor and was appointed to the editorial board of South European Society and Politics. Mr. Roy also presented “Between Social Goals and Free Trade” at the 2004 annual meeting of the International Studies Association. The paper compared the cases of the European Union and NAFTA and examined how integration has affected politics, economic structures, and economic performance in Mexico, Portugal, and Spain.

Mark Ruhl, professor of political science, Dickinson College, published “Civil-Military Relations in Post-Sandinista Nicaragua” in the Fall 2003 Armed Forces and Society.

Andrew Selee, director, Mexico Institute, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars; Philip Oxhorn, McGill University; and Joseph Tulchin, Woodrow Wilson Center, edited Decentralization, Democratic Governance, and Civil Society in Comparative Perspective: Africa, Asia, and Latin America (Woodrow Wilson Center/ Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004). Contributors to the volume explain the impact of decentralization on democratic governance and civil society engagement in Mexico, Chile, South Africa, Kenya, the Philippines, and Indonesia.

Ken Shadlen, lecturer, Development Studies Institute, London School of Economics and Political Science, completed Democratization without Representation: The Politics of Small Industry in Mexico (forthcoming from Pennsylvania State University Press in August). The study uses evidence from Mexico’s political development to show how democratization has weakened the representation of small businesses in the policy arena.

Stephen M. Shellman, visiting assistant professor of government, College of William and Mary, recently received a number of small grants to conduct research on refugees. He will also spend ten days this summer studying terrorism at Tel Aviv University. Mr. Shellman’s article, “Time Series Intervals and Statistical Inference: The Effects of Temporal Aggregation on Event Data Analysis,” appeared in the Winter 2004 Political Analysis. “Measuring the Intensity of Intranational Political Interactions Event Data: Two-Interval-Like Scales” appeared in the April-June 2004 International Interactions.

Richard L. Sklar, professor emeritus of political science, University of California, Los Angeles, contributed an essay entitled “Foundations of Federal Government in Nigeria” to Nigeria’s Struggle for Democracy and Good Governance: A Festschrift for Oyeleye Oyediran (Ibadan University Press, 2004). The anthology was edited by Adigun A. B. Agbaje, Larry Diamond, and Ebere Onwudiwe.

Strom C. Thacker, associate professor of international relations, Boston University; and John Gerring, Boston University, contributed “Political Institutions and Corruption: The Role of Unitarism and Parliamentarism” to the April 2004 British Journal of Political Science. The article examined the impact of territorial sovereignty and the composition of the executive on levels of political corruption.

Donna Lee Van Cott, assistant professor of political science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, has just assumed a new position as assistant professor of political science and Latin American studies at Tulane University.

Yanlai Wang, associate researcher, Euro-Asia Centre, University of Limerick, along with Limerick colleagues Nicholas Rees and Bernadette Andreosso-O’Callaghan, contributed “Economic Change and Political Development in China: Findings from a Public Opinion Survey” to the May 2004 Journal of Contemporary China.

6. NEWS FROM THE PROFESSION

Journal Editors Call for Submissions: Section members Kay Lawson and James Meadowcroft, coeditors of the International Political Science Review, are pleased to announce that the IPSR is now an open journal (that is, it is no longer publishing exclusively thematic issues). The editors invite Section members to submit manuscripts on all aspects of comparative democratization, including those touching on currently controversial subjects or methodologies. All articles are refereed by experts in the field, drawn from a database of nearly 500 reviewers from all over the world. (If you would like to be a reviewer, send a short C.V. to one of the editors, noting your areas of specialty). Please follow the instructions for manuscript preparation on the inside back cover of the journal or visit http://www.sagepub.co.uk/journalManuscript.aspx?pid=105598&sc=1. Send manuscripts and correspondence to klawson@sfsu.edu and James Meadowcroft (j.meadowcroft@sheffield.ac.uk).

Teaching Opportunity in China: The Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies of Johns Hopkins University seeks tenured or recent emeriti political science professors to teach bright, motivated Chinese graduate students (all with excellent English language skills) at the Hopkins-Nanjing Center for Chinese and American Studies, the oldest, most ambitious, and largest-scaled joint academic venture in China. The Center prefers experienced educators with expertise in comparative politics, as well as those specializing in one or more of the following: international relations, American foreign policy, and American government. Applicants must possess a Ph.D. or terminal degree in their fields and a publication record. Johns Hopkins will match the home institution’s salary and offer its standard benefits package. To apply, send a letter of application, curriculum vitae, and the names, addresses, telephone numbers and e-mail addresses of three references to Dr. Karthryn Mohrman, Executive Director, Hopkins-Nanjing Center Washington Office, 1619 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20036 or e-mail applications to snewman@jhu.edu by December 1, 2004. For additional information about the Hopkins-Nanjing Center, visit www.nanjing.jhu.edu.

7. RECENT CONFERENCES

The Association for Asian Studies held its annual meeting in San Diego, California, March 4-7. Among the panels of special interest to scholars of democratization were one on the transitions in South Korea and Indonesia and another one on the “Asian values” debate. Details about the conference and its more than 200 panels are available at www.aasianst.org/absts/2004abst/wrld-toc.htm.

The 2004 annual meeting of the Western Political Science Association was March 11-13 in Portland, Oregon. The theme of this year’s meeting was “Borrowing from Ourselves: Intradisciplinary Discussions in Political Science.” Additional information about the conference is available at www.csus.edu/ORG/WPSA/mtgs.stm.

The Midwest Political Science Association held its 2004 annual meeting April 15-18 in Chicago. The meeting included sessions on the comparative politics of industrial and developing countries, transitions to democracy, European politics, politics of communist and former communist countries, and international relations. More information and conference papers can be found at www.indiana.edu/~mpsa/.

The Southern Political Science Association held its 2004 annual meeting January 8-11 in New Orleans. An online program and conference papers are available at www.spsa.net/conference.htm.

8. FUTURE CONFERENCES

The 2004 plenary conference of epsNet will be held on June 18-19 at Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic. This year’s topic will be “Political Science after the EU Enlargement: Challenges to the Discipline” and will feature panel sessions on “Constructing, Consolidating, Constitutionalising the EU,” “Innovation in Teaching Political Science in and about Europe,” and “Political Science and the Bologna Process,” plus a plenary roundtable on “New Agendas for an Enlarged Europe.” For more information, visit www.epsnet.org/Events/2004prog.htm.

The 2004 annual meeting of the Northeastern Political Science Association will be held November 11-13, 2004 in Boston. Panel sessions are planned on Canadian politics, international relations, comparative politics, political theory, and other subfields. For more information, visit www.acsus.org/public/docs/2004NPSA.doc.

9. NEW RESEARCH

Democratization

The journal Democratization, formerly a quarterly, has announced that beginning in 2004 it will publish five times per year: February, April, June, August, and December.

The February 2004 (Volume 11, no. 1) issue features studies of South Africa, Turkey, and Latin America, as well as articles on civil society, economic development, and multinational corporations. For abstracts of articles listed below, please visit (www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/13510347.asp).

“Economic Development and Democracy Revisited: Why Dependency Theory Is Not Yet Dead” by Joe Foweraker and Todd Landman

“Political Culture in Turkey: Connections Among Attitudes Toward Democracy, the Military and Islam” by Mark Tessler and Ebru Altinoglu

“Popular Attitudes Toward the South African Electoral System” by Robert Mattes and Roger Southall

“Assessing Civil Society Impact for Democracy Programmes: Using an Advocacy Scale in Indonesia and the Philippines” by Harry Blair

“Judicialization of Politics or Politicization of the Judiciary? Recent Trends in Latin America” by Pilar Domingo

“Democracy and the Multinationals” by Richard Youngs

The April 2004 (Volume 11, no. 2) issue features studies of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Russia, Ukraine, and Algeria, as well as articles on democracy assessment and economic democracy. For abstracts of articles listed below, please visit (www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/13510347.asp.htm).

“Towards a Universal Framework for Democracy Assessment” by David Beetham

“A Distributional Theory of Economic Democracy” by Stein Ringen

“Political Actors, Preferences and Election Rule Re-Design in Russia and Ukraine” by Erik S. Herron

“Elections and Political Change in Post-War Bosnia and Herzegovina” by Carrie Manning

“The United States’ Approach to Algeria’s Civil Conflict: Implications for Democratization, Internal Peace and Anti-American Violence” by Abdelaziz Testas

Journal of Democracy

The April 2004 (Volume 15, no. 2) issue of the Journal of Democracy features a set of four articles on Christianity and democracy, studies of anti-Americanism, constitution-making, and state-building, and essays on recent developments in Iraq, Georgia, East Timor, and Uganda. For selected online articles and the tables of contents of all Journal issues, visit www.journalofdemocracy.org.

“The Anti-American Century?” by Ivan Krastev
The twentieth century has been called “the American century,” but it appears that the twenty-first may be dominated by anti-Americanism, an all-purpose ideology that poses a serious obstacle to the progress of democracy.

“The Imperative of State-Building” by Francis Fukuyama
Weak or failed states are at the root of many serious global problems, from poverty and AIDS to drug trafficking and terrorism, to the failure of democratic government itself. State-building must become a priority for the world community. 

Christianity and Democracy
I. “The Catholic Wave” by Daniel Philpott
Long wary of the modern state as such, the Roman Catholic Church became a champion of democratic government around the time of Vatican II, and helped to set off the Third Wave of democratization. 

II. “The Pioneering Protestants” by Robert D. Woodberry and Timothy S. Shah
Historical and other evidence from around the world suggests that Protestantism has helped to create a web of mediating factors-from higher literacy to lower corruption to active civic groups-that encourage self-government.

III. “The Ambivalent Orthodox” by Elizabeth Prodromou
Orthodoxy’s difficult historical experiences have made it ambivalent toward democratic pluralism, but that may be changing, with believers in established democracies leading the way.

IV. “The Global Picture” by Peter L. Berger
That modern democracy first arose within the ambit of Western Christianity is far from an accident. Today, the major Christian communions largely support democracy, even while necessarily retaining the right to criticize democratic decisions in the name of religious truth claims.

“Constitution-Making After Conflict: Lessons for Iraq” by Jamal Benomar
A thorough, deliberate, and consultative constitution-making process, which takes account of key lessons learned in other countries, will be essential to the legitimacy of a new Iraqi constitution and to the future of democracy.

“Constitutional Design for Divided Societies” by Arend Lijphart
Constitution writers in ethnically or otherwise divided countries should focus on designing a system of power-sharing rules and institutions. Studies by political scientists point to a set of basic recommendations that should form a starting point for constitutional negotiations.

“Georgia’s Rose Revolution” by Charles H. Fairbanks, Jr.
Events last November confounded expectations set by the failure of democratization in Russia and other ex-Soviet republics, and should prompt new reflections on how fragile openings to democracy may be sustained and widened.

Change in Uganda
I. “A New Opening?” by Edward Kannyo
The decision by Uganda’s leaders to abandon the country’s “movement” system and adopt multiparty pluralism creates a significant opportunity for democratic progress.

II. “Museveni’s Machinations” by Anne Mugisha
Uganda’s move to a multiparty system is really a maneuver by President Yoweri Museveni to prolong his stay in power beyond the two-term limit mandated by the constitution.

“East Timor: Elections in the World’s Newest Nation” by Anthony L. Smith
East Timor, which emerged from a tragic and bloody past to gain full independence in 2002, offers a fascinating case of democratization in a small developing country with a shallow history of democracy.

Exchange
I. “The Czech Past and the Cuban Future” by Oswaldo Payá /Václav Havel
In an exchange of letters, leading Cuban dissident Oswaldo Payá discusses with Václav Havel the lessons that the Czechoslovak experience offers to Cubans seeking a democratic transition in their own country.

SELECTED JOURNAL ARTICLES ON DEMOCRACY

This section of the newsletter features selected articles that appeared in journals received by the NED’s Democracy Resource Center.

African Affairs, Vol. 103, no. 411, April 2004
“Rwanda, Ten Years On: From Genocide to Dictatorship” by Filip Reyntjens

American Journal of Islamic Social Science, Vol. 21, no. 1, Winter 2004
Reason, Freedom and Democracy in Islam: Essential Writings of Abdolkarim Soroush, translated and edited by Mahmoud Sadri and Ahmad Sadri. Reviewed by Ali Hassan Zaidi

Asian Ethnicity, Vol. 5, no. 1, February 2004
“Nationalism and Democracy in Post-Communist Central Asia” by Yilmaz Bingol

Asian Survey, Vol. XLIII, no. 6, November/December 2003
“Post-Secondary Education in Hong Kong: Repercussions for Inequality and Civil Society” by David Post

Asian Survey, Vol. XLIV, no. 1, January/February 2004 
“India in 2003: Pre-Electoral Maneuvering and the Prospects for Regional Peace” by Larence Sáez

“Bangladesh in 2003: Vibrant Democracy or Destructive Politics?” by Rounaq Jahan

“Cambodia in 2003: On the Road to Democratic Consolidation” by Robert B. Albritton

China Quarterly, no. 176, December 2003
“Leadership Change and Chinese Political Development” by Lowell Dittmer

“Social Change and Political Reform in China: Meeting the Challenge of Success” by John W. Lewis and Xue Litai

“Democratizing Urban Politics and Civic Environmentalism in Taiwan” by Ching-Ping Tang

Communist and Post-Communist Studies, Vol. 37, no. 1, March 2004
“Dilemmas and Promises of Russian Liberalism” by Pavel A. Tsygankov and Andrei P. Tsygankov

Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 37, no. 1, February 2004
“Veto Players and the Rule of Law in Emerging Democracies” by Josephine T. Andrews and Gabriella R. Montinola

Liberalism, Democracy and Development: The Relevance of Liberal Democracy for Developing Countries by Sylvia Chan. Reviewed by Julio F. Carrión

Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 37, no. 2, March 2004
“Do Party Systems Count? The Number of Parties and Government Performance in the Indian States” by Pradeep Chhibber and Irfan Nooruddin

“Institutional Change and Firm Creation in East-Central Europe: An Embedded Politics Approach” by Gerald A. McDermott

Controlling the State: Constitutionalism from Ancient Athens to Today by Scott Gordon. Reviewed by Richard Dagger

The Chechen Wars: Will Russia Go the Way of the Soviet Union? by Matthew Evangelista. Reviewed by Adam N. Stulberg

Democratization: Theory and Experience by Laurence Whitehead. Reviewed by Michelle M. Taylor-Robinson

Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 37, no. 4, May 2004
“Timing Is Everything: Elections and Trade Liberalization in the Postcommunist World” by Timothy Frye and Edward D. Mansfield

Learning to Choose: Electoral Politics in East-Central Europe by Hubert Tworzecki. Reviewed by Steven D. Roper

Comparative Politics, Vol. 36, no. 2, January 2004
“Divided They Rule: The Management and Manipulation of Political Opposition” by Ellen Lust-Okar

“Too Much Civil Society, Too Little Politics: Egypt and Liberalizing Arab Regimes” by Vickie Langohr

“The Path to Moderation: Strategy and Learning in the Formation of Egypt’s Wasat Party” by Carrie Rosefsky Wickham

“Party Systems and Regime Formation in the Modern Middle East: Explaining Turkish Exceptionalism” by Michele Penner Angrist

Contemporary Southeast Asia, Vol. 25, no. 3, December 2003
“The 2004 Presidential Elections in Indonesia: Much Ado about Nothing?” by Bilveer Singh

Current History, Vol. 103, no. 669, January 2004
“Bringing Democracy to the Arab World” by Joshua Muravchik

“America’s Iraq Strategy: Democratic Chimeras, Regional Realities” by Barak A. Salmoni

“A Woman’s Place: Democratization in the Middle East” by Nikki R. Keddie

Current History, Vol. 103, no. 670, February 2004
“Colombia’s Resilient Democracy” by Eduardo Posada-Carbó

“Liberalism Takes Root in Central America” by Forrest D. Colburn

“Broadening Democracy: Latin America’s Indigenous Peoples’ Movements” by Donna Lee Van Cott

Current History, Vol. 103, no. 672, April 2004
“(Re)Building Afghanistan: The Folly of Stateless Democracy” by Barnett R. Rubin

“Gloomy Burmese Days” by Joshua Kurlantzick

Demokratizatsiya, Vol. 12, no. 1, Winter 2004
“Putin Represents an Imperial Course for Russia” Inteview with Grigory A. Yavlinksy

“Putin’s Russia: Is It a Doable Project?” by Mikhail Beliaev

“Aleksandr Dugin’s Foundations of Geopolitics” by John B. Dunlop

“Belarus Will Soon Be Liberated” Interview with Stanislau Shushkevich

“Georgia: Rise and Fall of the Facade Democracy” by Japa Devdariani

East European Politics and Societies, Vol. 18, no. 1, Winter 2004 
“Echoes of Latifundism? Electoral Constituencies of Successor Parties in Post-Communist Countries” by Jacek Lubecki

“State Subsidies, International Diffusion, and Transnational Civil Society: The Case of Frankfurt-Oder and S?ubice” by Cecilia Chessa

Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 55, no. 8, December 2003
Federalism, Democratization, and the Rule of Law in Russia by Jeffrey Kahn. Reviewed by Zoltán Ádám

Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 56, no. 1, January 2004
“The Contours of Civic and Ethnic National Identification in Ukraine” by Stephen Shulman

“Nation, State, Europe and National Revival in Hungarian Party Politics: the Case of the Millennial Commemorations” by Brigid Powler

“Understanding Belarus: Economy and Political Landscape” by Grigory Ioffe

“Conflicts of Interest in the Restitution and Privatisation of Housing since the Fall of Socialism: The Case of Central Timisoara City—a Problem of Democracy?” by Karin E.K. Dawidson

Law and Informal Practices: the Post-Communist Experience edited by Denis J. Galligan and Marina Kurkchiyan. Reviewed by Anders Fogelklou

Elites and Democratic Development in Russia edited by Anton Steen and Vladimir Gel’man. Reviewed by Derek S. Hutcheson

Developments in Central and East European Politics 3 edited by Stephen White, Judy Batt, and Paul G. Lewis. Reviewd by Anna Grzymala-Busse

Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 56, no. 2, March 2004
“A Populist Island in an Ocean of Clan Politics: The Lukashenka Regime as an Exception among CIS Countries” by Kimitaka Matsuzato

Elections without Order: Russia’s Challenge to Vladimir Putin by Richard Rose and Neil Munro. Reviewed by Andreas Umland

Foreign Affairs, Vol. 83, no. 3, May/June 2004
“Flight from Freedom” by Richard Pipes

Government and Opposition, Vol. 39, no. 1, Winter 2004
“Five Ways of Institutionalizing Political Opposition: Lessons from the Advanced Democracies” by Ludger Helms

“Creating Democracy’s Good Losers: The Rise, Fall, and Return of Parliamentary Disorder in Post-war Japan” by Eugene L. Wolfe

Government and Opposition, Vol. 39, no. 2, Spring 2004
“Civil Society and Democratically Accountable Global Governance” by Jan Aart Scholte

“Global Governance, Participation, and the Public Sphere” by Patrizia Nanz and Jens Steffek

“Is There a ‘Democratic Deficit’ in World Politics? A Framework for Analysis” by Andrew Moravcsik

“Democratic Accountability and Political Effectiveness from a Cosmopolitan Perspective” by David Held

Human Rights Quarterly, Vol. 26, no. 1, February 2004
“East Asia after the Crisis: Human Rights, Constitutionalism, and State Reform” by Michael C. Davis

“Enacting Bills of Rights: Canada and the Curious Case of New Zealand’s ‘Thin’ Democracy” by G.W.G. Leane

Human Rights Review, Vol. 4, no. 3, April-June 2003
“Explaining Judicial Reform Outcomes in New Democracies: The Importance of Authoritarian Legalism in Argentina, Brazil and Chile” by Anthony W. Pereira

Internationale Politik, Vol. 5, no. 1, Spring 2004
“Belarus Mocks Europe” by Hans-Georg Wieck

Journal of East Asian Studies, Vol. 4, no. 1, January/April 2004 
“The Balance of Power, Globalization, and Democracy: International Relations Theory in Northeast Asia” by Stephan Haggard

Journal of Modern African Studies, Vol. 42, no. 1, March 2004
“Leading from Behind: Democratic Consolidation and the Chieftaincy in South Africa” by J. Michael Williams

“Understanding Policy Processes in Ethiopia: A Response” by James Keeley and Ian Scoones

Journal of Politics, Vol. 66, no. 1, February 2004 
Overcoming Intolerance in South Africa: Experiments in Democratic Persuasion by James L. Gibson and Amanda Gouws. Reviewed by Paul M. Sniderman

Post-Communist Democratization: Political Discourse across Thirteen Countries by John S. Dryzek and Leslie T. Holmes. Reviewed by Christopher Marsh

Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. XXVII, no. 2, Winter 2004
“Does Democratic Political Participation Redue Political Violence? The Contrary Case of the Muslim Minority in India” by Theodore P. Wright, Jr.

“Personal Animosity and Parliamentary Politics: Bangladeshi Elections 2001” by Sreeradha Datta

Latin American Politics and Society, Vol. 46, no. 1, Spring 2004
“Radical Change at the Ballot Box: Causes and Consequences of Electoral Behavior in Venezuela’s 2000 Elections” by José E. Molina V. And Carmen Pérez B.

“Neoliberalism and Democracy in Latin America: A Mixed Record” by Kurt Weyland

The Quiet Revolution: Decentralization and the Rise of Political Participation in Latin American Cities by Tim Campbell. Reviewed by Paul Dosh

Middle East Policy, Vol. XI, no. 1, Spring 2004
“The 2002 Arab Human Development Report: Implications for Democracy” by Sami E. Baroudi

Nationalities Papers, Vol. 31, no. 4, December 2003
“The Limits of the German Minority Project in Post-Communist Poland: Scale, Space, and Democratic Deliberation” by Michael Fleming

Social Capital and Democratizations: Roots of Trust in Post-Communist Poland and Ukraine by Martin Aberg and Mikael Sandberg. Reviewed by Paul Kubicek

Orbis, Vol. 48, no. 1, Winter 2004
“The Critical but Perilous Caucasus” by Kenneth Yalowitz and Svante E. Cornell

Orbis, Vol. 48, no. 2, Spring 2004
“How Would Democracy Change China?” by Arthur Waldron

“The Roman Catholic Church and Hong Kong’s Long March Toward Democracy” by Deborah A. Brown

“Democracy and Federalism in Greater China” by Tahirih V. Lee

“Taiwan’s Best-Case Democratization” by Shelley Rigger

“Taiwan’s Democratization and Cross-Straight Security” by Yuan-kang Wang

Party Politics, Vol. 10, no. 1, January 2004 
Political Parties in the New Europe: Political and Analytical Challenges edited by Kurt Richard Luther and Ferdinand Müller-Rommel. Reviewed by Peter Mair

Party Politics, Vol. 10, no. 2, March 2004
“Cabinet Stability in Post-Communist Central Europe” by Casaba Nikolenyi

“Inter-Party Mobility among Parliamentary Candidates in Post-Communist East Central Europe” by Goldie Shabad and Kazimierz M. Slomczynski

“Explaining the Limited Success of the Communist-Successor Left in Slovakia: the Case of the Party of the Democratic Left (SLD)” by Tim Haughton

Poles Together? Emergence and Development of Political Parties in Post-Communist Poland by Aleks Szczerbiak. Reviewed by Petr Kopecky

Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 118, no. 4, Winter 2003-2004
“Democratic Legitimacy and Presidential Campaigning, 1952-2000” by Orlando J. Peréz

“Partisanship and Governance: A Review Essay” by Stephen J. Wayne

Review of African Political Economy, Vol. 30, no. 98, December 2003
“Military Corruption and Ugandan Politics since the late 1990s” by Roger Tangri and Andrew M. Mwenda

“Liberia: An Analysis of Post-Taylor Politics” by Thomas Jaye

“Writing a Global Constitution: Report from Cancun” by Kevin Dana

Third World Quarterly, Vol. 25, no. 1, February 2004 
“The Rise of Neo-Third Worldism? The Indonesian Trajectory and the Consolidation of Illiberal Democracy” by Vedi R. Hadiz

Wilson Quarterly, Vol. XXVIII, no. 2, Spring 2004
“Ready for Democracy?” by Martin Walker, Saad Eddin Ibrahim, Daniel Brumberg and Haleh Esfandiari

SELECTED NEW BOOKS RECENTLY RECEIVED BY THE JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACY

ADVANCED DEMOCRACIES

Canadian Democracy: An Introduction. 4th ed. By Stephen Brooks. Oxford University Press, 2003. 343 pp.

Contention and Democracy in Europe, 1650-2000. By Charles Tilly. Cambridge University Press, 2004. 305 pp.

The Financiers of Congressional Elections: Investors, Ideologues, and Intimates. By Peter L. Francia, John C. Green, Paul S. Herrnson, Lynda W. Powell, and Clyde Wilcox. Columbia University Press, 2003. 205 pp.

The Front-Loading Problem in Presidential Nominations. By William G. Mayer and Andrew E. Busch. Brookings Institution, 2004. 226 pp.

How Congress Evolves: Social Bases of Institutional Change. By Nelson W. Polsby. Oxford University Press, 2004. 257 pp.

Life After Reform: When the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act Meets Politics. Edited by Michael J. Malbin. Rowman and Littlefield, 2003. 225 pp.

Point, Click, and Vote: The Future of Internet Voting. By Michael Alvarez and Thad E. Hall. Brookings Institution, 2004. 204 pp.

Polling to Govern: Public Opinion and Presidential Leadership. By Diane J. Heith. Stanford University Press, 2004. 194 pp.

Real Democracy: The New England Town Meeting and How It Works. By Frank M. Bryan. University of Chicago Press, 2004. 312 pp.

The Student’s Guide to European Integration: For Students, by Students. Edited by Jorge Juan Fernandez Garcia, Jess Clayton, and Christopher Hobey. Polity, 2004. 325 pp.

Working Together: How Workplace Bonds Strengthen a Diverse Democracy. By Cynthia Estlund. Oxford University Press, 2003. 240 pp.

AFRICA

The ‘Civil Society’ Problematique: Deconstructing Civility and Southern Nigeria’s Ethnic Radicalization. By Adedayo Oluwakayode Adekson. Routledge, 2004. 321 pp.

Finding the Words: A Rhetorical History of South Africa’s Transition from Apartheid to Democracy. By Thomas A. Moriarty. Praeger, 2003. 143 pp.

Sudan, Oil, and Human Rights. By Human Rights Watch. Human Rights Watch, 2003. 754 pp.

ASIA

Balance Sheet Recession: Japan’s Struggle with Uncharted Economics and its Global Implications. By Richard C Koo. John Wiley & Sons, 2003. 284 pp.

China at the Crossroads. By Peter Nolan. Polity, 2004. 209 pp.

Democratization in South Asia: Lessons from American Institutions. By Mahfuzul H. Chowdhury. Ashgate, 2003. 207 pp.

Governance in China. Edited by Jude Howell. Rowman and Littlefield, 2004. 279 pp.

New Priorities in South Asia: U.S. Policy Toward India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. Council on Foreign Relations, 2003. 105 pp.

The Wheel of Law: India’s Secularism in Comparative Constitutional Context. By Gary Jeffrey Jacobsohn. Princeton University Press, 2003. 324 pp.

EASTERN EUROPE AND THE FORMER SOVIET UNION

Building Democracy in Contemporary Russia. By Sarah L. Henderson. Cornell University Press, 2003. 229 pp.

The Czech Republic Before the New Millennium: Politics, Parties and Gender. By Steven Saxonberg. East European Monographs, 2003. 259 pp.

Defining Russian Federalism. By Elizabeth Pascal. Praeger, 2003. 208 pp.

Democratic Politics or the Implementation of Inevitabilities?: Estonia’s Democracy and Integration into the European Union. By Kristi Raik. Tartu University Press, 2003. 277 pp.

Nation-Building and Common Values in Russia. Edited by Pal Kolsto and Helge Blakkisrud. Rowman and Littlefield, 2004. 382 pp.

Popular Choice and Managed Democracy: The Russian Elections of 1999 and 2000. By Timothy J. Colton and Michael McFaul. Brookings Institution, 2003. 317 pp.

Power and Purpose: U.S. Policy Toward Russia after the Cold War. By James M. Goldgeier and Michael McFaul. Brookings Institution, 2003. 467 pp.

Russia and the West at the Millennium: Global Imperatives and Domestic Policies. Edited by Sergi Medvedev, Alexander Konovalov, and Sergi Oznobishchev. The George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies, 2003. 160 pp.

The Siberian Curse: How Communist Planners Left Russia Out in the Cold. By Fiona Hill and Clifford G. Gaddy. Brookings Institution, 2003. 303 pp.

Subverting the System: Gorbachev’s Reform of the Party’s Apparat, 1986-1991. By Jonathan Harris. Rowman and Littlefield, 2004. 179 pp.

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN

Courting Democracy in Mexico: Party Strategies and Electoral Institution. By Todd A. Eisenstadt. Cambridge University Press, 2004. 354 pp.

Democracy and U.S. Policy in Latin America during the Truman Years. By Steven Schwartzberg. University Press of Florida, 2003. 311 pp.

Democratic Accountability in Latin America. Edited by Scott Mainwaring and Christopher Welna. Oxford University Press, 2003. 343 pp.

Fujimori’s Coup and the Breakdown of Democracy in Latin America. By Charles D. Kennedy. University of Notre Dame Press, 2003. 379 pp.

Latin American Democracies in the New Global Economy. Edited by Ana Margheritis. North-South Center, 2003. 290 pp.

Mexico’s Pivotal Democratic Election: Candidates, Voters, and the Presidential Campaign of 2000. Edited by Jorge I. Dominguez and Chappell Lawson. Stanford University Press, 2004. 363 pp.

Politics and Social Change in Latin America: Still a Distinct Tradition? 4th ed. Edited by Howard J. Wiarda and Margaret MacLeish Mott. Praeger, 2003. 309 pp.

Politics in the Andes: Identity, Conflict, Reform. Edited by Jo-Marie Burt and Philip Mauceri. Pittsburgh University Press, 2001. 324 pp.

MIDDLE EAST

Iran: From Religious Disputes to Revolution. By Michael M. J. Fischer. University of Wisconsin Press, 2003. 314 pp.

Women in Iran: Emerging Voices in the Women’s Movement. By Hammed Shahidian. Greenwood, 2002. 212 pp.

COMPARATIVE, THEORETICAL, GENERAL

Beyond Common Knowledge: Empirical Approaches to the Rule of Law. Edited by Erik G. Jensen and Thomas C. Heller. Stanford University Press, 2003. 435 pp.

Composing Urban History and the Constitution of Civic Identities. Edited by John J. Czaplicka and Blair A. Ruble; assisted by Lauren Crabtree. Woodrow Wilson Center/Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003. 430 pp.

Constituting Human Rights: Global Civil Society and the Society of Democratic States. By Mervyn Frost. Routledge, 2002. 161 pp.

Democracy Defended. By Gerry Mackie. Cambridge University Press, 2003. 483 pp.

Democracy in Action: Community Organizing and Urban Change. By Kristina Smock. Columbia University Press, 2004. 288 pp.

The Democracy Sourcebook. Edited by Robert A. Dahl, Ian Shapiro, and Jose Antonio Cheibub. MIT Press, 2003. 556 pp.

Democratic Autonomy : Public Reasoning about the Ends of Policy. By Henry S. Richardson. Oxford University Press, 2002. 316 pp.

The Discovery of Freedom in Ancient Greece. By Kurt Raaflaub. University of Chicago Press, 2004. 420 pp.

Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior. By Pippa Norris. Cambridge University Press, 2004. 375 pp.

Governance on the Ground: Innovations and Discontinuities in Cities of the Developing World. Edited by Patricia L. McCarney and Richard E. Stren. Woodrow Wilson Center/Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003. 288 pp.

Human Rights and Diversity: Area Studies Revisited. Edited by David P. Forsythe and Patrice C. McMahon. University of Nebraska Press, 2003. 330 pp.

Implementing U.S. Human Rights Policy: Agendas, Policies, and Practices. Edited by Debra Liang-Fenton. United States Institute of Peace, 2004. 499 pp.

An Insider’s Guide to the UN. By Linda Fasulo. Yale University Press, 2004. 245 pp.

Interpreting the Bible and the Constitution. By Jaroslav Pelikan. Yale University Press, 2004. 205 pp.

The Liberal Archipelago: A Theory of Diversity and Freedom. By Chandran Kukathas. Oxford University Press, 2003. 292 pp.

Mestizo Democracy: The Politics of Grossing Borders. By John Francis Burke. Texas A&M University Press, 2004. 304 pp.

Policymaking and Democracy: A Multinational Anthology. Edited by Stuart Nagel. Lexington, 2003. 310 pp.

The Politics of Terror: The U.S. Response to 9/11. Edited by William Crotty. Northeastern University Press, 2004. 322 pp.

The Progressive Manifesto: New Ideas for the Centre-Left. Edited by Anthony Giddens. Polity, 2003. 222 pp.

The Quality of Freedom. By Matthew H. Kramer. Oxford University Press, 2003. 482 pp.

Strong Democracy: Participatory Politics for a New Age. Twentieth Anniversary Edition. By Benjamin R. Barber. University of California Press, 2003. 320 pp.

Where Is the Lone Ranger When We Need Him?: America’s Search for a Postconflict Stability Force. By Robert M. Perito. United States Institute of Peace, 2004. 397 pp.